What it is
The bill would give legal rights to the Doñana ecosystem
Admitted step 2 of 7· LapsedIt is a members’ bill. Introduced by parliamentary groups, the Senate, regional governments or citizens. It was introduced on 21 December 2023. Introduced by: Grupo Parlamentario Mixto.
Official title: Private member's bill for the recognition of legal personality for Doñana and its protection area.
Source: Congreso de los Diputados, file 122/000043· updated 11 Nov
Automatic summary, not yet reviewed
- The bill would declare Doñana and its protection area a subject of rights, with legal personality and full public and private capacity to act. Doñana would mean the National Park, the peripheral protection zone and the adjoining natural park.
- It would recognize Doñana's rights to exist and evolve naturally, to protection, conservation and restoration. Protection would mean limiting, stopping or not authorizing activities that harm the ecosystems.
- Any person or legal entity could go to court or to a public administration to defend Doñana's rights, on behalf of the ecosystem. Whoever wins the case would recover all litigation costs and would be exempt from court costs and from bonds for precautionary measures.
- Public administrations would have duties such as preventing the extinction of biodiversity, running awareness campaigns, doing regular studies, immediately restricting dangerous activities and banning or limiting the introduction of organisms that could alter the Park's biological heritage.
Who it affects
- Any person or entity: Could file court or administrative actions to defend Doñana's rights.
- Public administrations: Would have duties of prevention, awareness, studies, restricting activities and controlling organisms that harm the Park.
- Governments and neighboring people or entities: Would be responsible for the protection, conservation, maintenance and restoration of Doñana.
Words worth knowing
- Personalidad jurídica (legal personality)
- The ability of an entity to have its own rights and obligations under the law, like a person.
- Sujeto de derechos (subject of rights)
- Someone or something the law recognizes as holding rights that can be claimed.
- Costas procesales (court costs)
- Costs of the lawsuit, usually paid by the losing party.
- Medidas cautelares (precautionary measures)
- Temporary court decisions to prevent harm while the case is being decided.
- Fianza (bond)
- Money deposited as a guarantee before certain court actions.
It summarizes the text as it was introduced. It is written by artificial intelligence and may contain mistakes: the official text is what counts. Read the official text · How we make summaries
Where it stands
How far did it get?
It took 2 of 7 steps. It reached Admitted, and today it is lapsed.
- Introduced21 December 2023Someone registers the text in the Congreso.
- Admitted9 January 2024The Bureau of the Congreso accepts it and, for a members’ bill, the plenary decides whether to consider it.
- Amendmentsnot reachedGroups propose changes.
- Committeenot reachedA committee goes through the text in detail.
- Plenarynot reachedAll 350 deputies vote.
- Senatenot reachedThe Senate can pass it, amend it or veto it.
- BOEnot reachedIt is published in the Official State Gazette (BOE) and comes into force.
See the 6 official steps on a timeline
Was there a plenary vote?
We have no plenary vote linked to this law in the Congreso’s data.
What happens next
What happens now?
The legislature ended before it finished. To go on, someone would have to introduce it again in the new Cortes.
Sources
Where does all this come from?
- Congreso de los Diputados, file 122/000043
Official title, type, author, dates and stage.
Retrieved 11 November 2026
- Congreso de los Diputados, procedure
The date of each step, with its official wording.
Retrieved 12 November 2026
- The data comes from the open files of the Congreso, the Senate and the BOE, unaltered.
- Each deputy’s province is the one of their seat on the day of the vote.
- We never say “passed” because of a vote: the files do not say which majority was needed.