What it is
Deferment of state debts without guarantees and more COVID aid flexibility
It is a royal decree-law. It was introduced on 21 April 2021. Introduced by: Gobierno.
Official title: Royal Decree-Law 6/2021, of April 20, adopting complementary measures to support companies and self-employed workers affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Source: Congreso de los Diputados, file 130/000046· updated 11 Nov
Automatic summary, not yet reviewed
- Those who must repay aid or loans from the General State Administration may request to defer or split payment during 2021 and 2022 without providing guarantees, if the pandemic caused them inactivity, lower sales or supply chain disruptions.
- Applicants must submit a report explaining how the pandemic affected them, a certificate of their debts and a viability plan. If the debt exceeds €150,000 (or €250,000 counting earlier requests), the plan must be backed by a registered auditor.
- The regional office of Economy and Finance may grant a deferment of up to two years from the due date, followed by installments of up to two more years. The debt will keep accruing late payment interest.
- The autonomous communities and the cities of Ceuta and Melilla may add to the COVID direct aid line other sectors hit especially hard in their territory, even if they are not on the national list.
- Exceptionally, they may grant aid to viable companies that in 2019 had negative results in personal income tax The personal income tax (IRPF in Spain): what people pay on what they earn from work, business or savings., corporate tax or non-resident income tax due to exceptional circumstances.
- The rule takes effect the day after its publication in the Official State Gazette (Boletín Oficial del Estado).
Who it affects
- Companies and self-employed people with non-tax public debts to the General State Administration: They may request to defer or split debts from state aid or loans, without guarantees, during 2021 and 2022.
- Autonomous communities and the cities of Ceuta and Melilla: They may add sectors hit in their territory to the COVID line list and grant aid to companies with negative 2019 results due to exceptional circumstances.
- Self-employed people and companies in sectors affected by the pandemic: They may receive direct COVID line aid if they meet the activity drop requirements and the maximum limits set.
Words worth knowing
- Aplazamiento y fraccionamiento (deferment and installments)
- Allowing a debt to be paid later or split into payments.
- Dispensa de garantía (waiver of guarantee)
- Not requiring a guarantor or other guarantee to defer the debt payment.
- Deuda de naturaleza pública no tributaria (non-tax public debt)
- Money owed to the government that is not a tax, for example repaying a public grant or loan.
- Periodo de carencia (grace period)
- A time during which the debt does not have to be paid.
- Intereses de demora (late payment interest)
- Extra money paid for being late on a debt.
- income tax
- The personal income tax (IRPF in Spain): what people pay on what they earn from work, business or savings.
It summarizes the law as published in the BOE. It is written by artificial intelligence and may contain mistakes: the official text is what counts. Read the official text · How we make summaries
Where it stands
How far did it get?
It took 7 of 7 steps. It reached BOE, and today it is passed.
- Introduced21 April 2021Someone registers the text in the Congreso.
- Admitted5 May 2021The Bureau of the Congreso accepts it and, for a members’ bill, the plenary decides whether to consider it.
- Amendmentsno dateGroups propose changes.
- Committeeno dateA committee goes through the text in detail.
- Plenary5 May 2021All 350 deputies vote.
- Senateno dateThe Senate can pass it, amend it or veto it.
- BOEno dateIt is published in the Official State Gazette (BOE) and comes into force.
See the 4 official steps on a timeline
13 May 2021
How did the plenary vote?
Voted on: Processing as a Government bill under the urgent procedure of Royal Decree-Law 6/2021, of April 20, adopting complementary measures to support companies and self-employed workers affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
This law had 2 votes; this is the latest with every deputy’s vote. See them all
Source: Congreso de los Diputados, vote 9 of sitting 97· updated 11 Nov
Each dot is a seat. Tap one, or use the arrow keys, to see who it is.
Your province
How did the deputies from your province vote?
And your senators: the Senate does not link its votes to this law in its open data, so we cannot put them side by side here.
Or see how most of each province voted
- A Coruña More votes in favour 8 yes · 0 no
- Albacete More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Alicante/Alacant More votes in favour 12 yes · 0 no
- Almería More votes in favour 6 yes · 0 no
- Araba/Álava More votes in favour 3 yes · 1 no
- Asturias More votes in favour 5 yes · 0 no · 1 abst.
- Ávila More votes in favour 3 yes · 0 no
- Badajoz More votes in favour 6 yes · 0 no
- Barcelona More votes in favour 30 yes · 0 no · 1 abst.
- Bizkaia More votes in favour 5 yes · 3 no
- Burgos More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Cáceres More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Cádiz More votes in favour 9 yes · 0 no
- Cantabria More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no · 1 abst.
- Castellón/Castelló More votes in favour 5 yes · 0 no
- Ceuta More votes in favour 1 yes · 0 no
- Ciudad Real More votes in favour 5 yes · 0 no
- Córdoba More votes in favour 6 yes · 0 no
- Cuenca More votes in favour 3 yes · 0 no
- Gipuzkoa More votes in favour 4 yes · 2 no
- Girona More votes in favour 6 yes · 0 no
- Granada More votes in favour 7 yes · 0 no
- Guadalajara More votes in favour 3 yes · 0 no
- Huelva More votes in favour 5 yes · 0 no
- Huesca More votes in favour 3 yes · 0 no
- Illes Balears More votes in favour 8 yes · 0 no
- Jaén More votes in favour 5 yes · 0 no
- La Rioja More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Las Palmas More votes in favour 8 yes · 0 no
- León More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Lleida More votes in favour 3 yes · 0 no
- Lugo More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Madrid More votes in favour 36 yes · 0 no
- Málaga More votes in favour 10 yes · 0 no
- Melilla More votes in favour 1 yes · 0 no
- Murcia More votes in favour 10 yes · 0 no
- Navarra More votes in favour 5 yes · 0 no
- Ourense More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Palencia More votes in favour 3 yes · 0 no
- Pontevedra More votes in favour 7 yes · 0 no
- Salamanca More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Santa Cruz de Tenerife More votes in favour 7 yes · 0 no
- Segovia More votes in favour 3 yes · 0 no
- Sevilla More votes in favour 12 yes · 0 no
- Soria More votes in favour 2 yes · 0 no
- Tarragona More votes in favour 6 yes · 0 no
- Teruel More votes in favour 3 yes · 0 no
- Toledo More votes in favour 6 yes · 0 no
- Valencia/València More votes in favour 15 yes · 0 no
- Valladolid More votes in favour 5 yes · 0 no
- Zamora More votes in favour 3 yes · 0 no
- Zaragoza More votes in favour 7 yes · 0 no
More details: how each group and each province voted
The groups
Who voted in favour and who against?
In favour, most of Euskal Herria Bildu, Republicano, Socialista, Mixto, Ciudadanos, Gcup-ec-gc, GPlu, Popular en el Congreso and VOX. Against, most of Vasco (EAJ-PNV). 3 deputies voted differently from their group.
By province: in 52 most voted in favour; in 0, against.
Coloured by how most of each province’s deputies voted.
- In favour: 52
- Against: 0
| Group | Seats | How it voted |
|---|---|---|
| Euskal Herria Bildu | 5 | 5 in favour |
| Republicano | 13 | 13 in favour |
| Socialista | 120 | 120 in favour |
| Vasco (EAJ-PNV) | 6 | 6 against |
| Mixto | 10 | 7 in favour · 2 abst. · 1 did not vote |
| Ciudadanos | 9 | 9 in favour |
| Gcup-ec-gc | 35 | 34 in favour · 1 did not vote |
| GPlu | 12 | 11 in favour · 1 did not vote |
| Popular en el Congreso | 88 | 86 in favour · 2 did not vote |
| VOX | 52 | 51 in favour · 1 abst. |
What happens next
What happens now?
It is law, or will be once published in the BOE. It comes into force on the date its own text sets.
Published in the BOE: Royal Decree-Law 6/2021, of April 20, adopting complementary measures to support companies and self-employed workers affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Sources
Where does all this come from?
- Congreso de los Diputados, file 130/000046
Official title, type, author, dates and stage.
Retrieved 11 November 2026
- Congreso de los Diputados, vote 9 of sitting 97
The count and every seat’s vote.
Retrieved 11 November 2026
- BOE, BOE-A-2021-6305
The law as published.
Retrieved 11 November 2026
- The data comes from the open files of the Congreso, the Senate and the BOE, unaltered.
- Each deputy’s province is the one of their seat on the day of the vote.
- We only say “passed” or “rejected” when the majority needed is certain; otherwise we say which side had more votes.