What it is
Harsher penalties for trafficking people displaced by war or disasters
It is a members’ bill. Introduced by parliamentary groups, the Senate, regional governments or citizens. It was introduced on 6 April 2022. Introduced by: Grupo Parlamentario Socialista.
Official title: Private Member's Organic Bill amending Organic Law 10/1995, of November 23, on the Penal Code, to aggravate the penalties provided for the crime of human trafficking of persons displaced by an armed conflict or a humanitarian catastrophe.
Source: Congreso de los Diputados, file 122/000214· updated 11 Nov
Automatic summary, not yet reviewed
- The law responds to the invasion of Ukraine, which has left millions of people displaced across Europe and tens of thousands in Spain. These people, especially women, girls and boys, are at risk of falling into the hands of traffickers, who have already been detected targeting them.
- The Criminal Code adds an aggravated case of human trafficking: when the victim is in a situation of vulnerability caused or worsened by displacement from an armed conflict or a humanitarian disaster. In those cases, the penalties are harsher.
- The law takes effect the day after its publication in the Official State Gazette (Boletín Oficial del Estado).
Who it affects
- People displaced by wars or humanitarian disasters: If they become victims of trafficking, the crime carries harsher penalties.
- Human traffickers: They face tougher penalties if their victims fled an armed conflict or a disaster.
- Displaced women, girls and boys: They are the groups the law identifies as especially vulnerable to traffickers.
Words worth knowing
- Trata de seres humanos (human trafficking)
- The crime of recruiting, transporting or harboring people in order to exploit them, for example by forcing them to work or into prostitution.
- Circunstancia agravante (aggravating circumstance)
- A reason that makes a crime punishable by a harsher penalty.
- Ley orgánica (organic law)
- A type of Spanish law reserved for major matters, such as fundamental rights, which requires a larger majority to pass.
It summarizes the law as published in the BOE. It is written by artificial intelligence and may contain mistakes: the official text is what counts. Read the official text · How we make summaries
Where it stands
How far did it get?
It took 7 of 7 steps. It reached BOE, and today it is passed.
- Introduced6 April 2022Someone registers the text in the Congreso.
- Admitted19 April 2022The Bureau of the Congreso accepts it and, for a members’ bill, the plenary decides whether to consider it.
- Amendments20 May 2022Groups propose changes.
- Committee29 September 2022A committee goes through the text in detail.
- Plenary13 October 2022All 350 deputies vote.
- Senate3 November 2022The Senate can pass it, amend it or veto it.
- BOE13 December 2022It is published in the Official State Gazette (BOE) and comes into force.
See the 13 official steps on a timeline
3 November 2022
How did the plenary vote?
Voted on: Overall vote on the Private member's Organic bill amending Organic Law 10/1995, of 23 November, the Penal Code, to aggravate the penalties provided for the crimes of human trafficking of persons displaced by an armed conflict or a humanitarian catastrophe (formerly known as Private member's Organic bill amending Organic Law 10/1995, of 23 November, the Penal Code, to aggravate the penalties provided for the crimes of human trafficking of persons displaced by armed conflict motivated by the invasion of Ukrainian territory by troops of the Russian Federation), given its organic nature.
This law had 11 votes; this is the latest with every deputy’s vote. See them all
Source: Congreso de los Diputados, vote 160 of sitting 213· updated 10 Nov
Each dot is a seat. Tap one, or use the arrow keys, to see who it is.
Your province
How did the deputies from your province vote?
And your senators: the Senate does not link its votes to this law in its open data, so we cannot put them side by side here.
Or see how most of each province voted
- A Coruña More votes in favour 8 yes · 0 no
- Albacete More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Alicante/Alacant More votes in favour 12 yes · 0 no
- Almería More votes in favour 5 yes · 0 no
- Araba/Álava More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Asturias More votes in favour 7 yes · 0 no
- Ávila More votes in favour 3 yes · 0 no
- Badajoz More votes in favour 6 yes · 0 no
- Barcelona More votes in favour 31 yes · 0 no
- Bizkaia More votes in favour 8 yes · 0 no
- Burgos More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Cáceres More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Cádiz More votes in favour 8 yes · 0 no
- Cantabria More votes in favour 5 yes · 0 no
- Castellón/Castelló More votes in favour 5 yes · 0 no
- Ceuta More votes in favour 1 yes · 0 no
- Ciudad Real More votes in favour 5 yes · 0 no
- Córdoba More votes in favour 6 yes · 0 no
- Cuenca More votes in favour 3 yes · 0 no
- Gipuzkoa More votes in favour 6 yes · 0 no
- Girona More votes in favour 6 yes · 0 no
- Granada More votes in favour 7 yes · 0 no
- Guadalajara More votes in favour 3 yes · 0 no
- Huelva More votes in favour 5 yes · 0 no
- Huesca More votes in favour 3 yes · 0 no
- Illes Balears More votes in favour 8 yes · 0 no
- Jaén More votes in favour 5 yes · 0 no
- La Rioja More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Las Palmas More votes in favour 8 yes · 0 no
- León More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Lleida More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Lugo More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Madrid More votes in favour 35 yes · 0 no
- Málaga More votes in favour 11 yes · 0 no
- Melilla More votes in favour 1 yes · 0 no
- Murcia More votes in favour 10 yes · 0 no
- Navarra More votes in favour 5 yes · 0 no
- Ourense More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Palencia More votes in favour 3 yes · 0 no
- Pontevedra More votes in favour 6 yes · 0 no
- Salamanca More votes in favour 4 yes · 0 no
- Santa Cruz de Tenerife More votes in favour 6 yes · 0 no
- Segovia More votes in favour 3 yes · 0 no
- Sevilla More votes in favour 10 yes · 0 no
- Soria More votes in favour 2 yes · 0 no
- Tarragona More votes in favour 6 yes · 0 no
- Teruel More votes in favour 3 yes · 0 no
- Toledo More votes in favour 6 yes · 0 no
- Valencia/València More votes in favour 15 yes · 0 no
- Valladolid More votes in favour 5 yes · 0 no
- Zamora More votes in favour 3 yes · 0 no
- Zaragoza More votes in favour 7 yes · 0 no
More details: how each group and each province voted
The groups
Who voted in favour and who against?
In favour, most of Euskal Herria Bildu, Republicano, Socialista, Vasco (EAJ-PNV), Mixto, Ciudadanos, Gcup-ec-gc, GPlu, Popular en el Congreso and VOX.
By province: in 52 most voted in favour; in 0, against.
Coloured by how most of each province’s deputies voted.
- In favour: 52
- Against: 0
| Group | Seats | How it voted |
|---|---|---|
| Euskal Herria Bildu | 5 | 5 in favour |
| Republicano | 13 | 12 in favour · 1 did not vote |
| Socialista | 120 | 119 in favour · 1 did not vote |
| Vasco (EAJ-PNV) | 6 | 6 in favour |
| Mixto | 11 | 10 in favour · 1 did not vote |
| Ciudadanos | 9 | 9 in favour |
| Gcup-ec-gc | 33 | 30 in favour · 3 did not vote |
| GPlu | 12 | 11 in favour · 1 did not vote |
| Popular en el Congreso | 88 | 88 in favour |
| VOX | 52 | 51 in favour · 1 did not vote |
What happens next
What happens now?
It is law, or will be once published in the BOE. It comes into force on the date its own text sets.
The same initiative in the other chamber:
Sources
Where does all this come from?
- Congreso de los Diputados, file 122/000214
Official title, type, author, dates and stage.
Retrieved 11 November 2026
- Congreso de los Diputados, vote 160 of sitting 213
The count and every seat’s vote.
Retrieved 10 November 2026
- BOE, BOE-A-2022-21676
The law as published.
Retrieved 11 November 2026
- The data comes from the open files of the Congreso, the Senate and the BOE, unaltered.
- Each deputy’s province is the one of their seat on the day of the vote.
- We only say “passed” or “rejected” when the majority needed is certain; otherwise we say which side had more votes.